Female Bladder Neck Reconstruction
Female bladder neck reconstruction addresses contracture or stenosis of the bladder outlet in women, most commonly following radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder, prior bladder neck surgery, or pelvic radiation. Endoscopic incision is the first-line approach; refractory cases may require open Y-V plasty, augmentation with buccal mucosal grafts, or bladder neck resection with reimplantation of the neourethra. Outcomes depend heavily on the underlying etiology and the presence of radiation damage.
Indications
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Technique Overview
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Key Steps
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Outcomes & Evidence
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Related Topics
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References
- Blaivas JG. "Techniques of bladder neck reconstruction." Urol Clin North Am. 1989;16(2):291–308. PMID: 2711554
- Anger JT, Raj GV, Demarco RT, Webster GD. "Anastomotic contracture and incontinence after radical prostatectomy: a graded approach to management." J Urol. 2005;173(4):1143–6. PMID: 15758726